Ad Astra
M☉ Notation
Unit of measurement in
astronomy called the solar mass.
- M stands for Mass
- ☉ Astronomical Symbol/Sun
- 1 M☉, Benchmark unit
- Equal to mass of our Sun
The Sun
(NASA/ESA)
Spirograph Nebula
(NASA/ESA)
Hourglass Nebula
(NASA/ESA)
Y-Type Brown Dwarf
Star Classification: Y
Luminosity Classification: Very Dim
Temperature (K) : 500
Mass: Below 13 Jupiter masses (planetary-mass object).
Elemental Composition: Ammonia, water vapor
Description: The coolest known brown dwarfs with temperatures similar to Earth-like environments.
Birth: Extremely low-mass substellar object
Life: Coldest known brown dwarfs
☠️ Death: Continual cooling
Reincarnation: Nope
Example: WISE 0855−0714
Luminosity Classes
Added to spectral types.
Indicates size & brightness:
- 0 or Ia+: Hypergiants
- I (Ia, Ib): Supergiants
- II: Bright Giants
- III: Regular Giants
- IV:Subgiants
- V: Main Sequence
- VI (sd): Subdwarfs
- D (VII): White Dwarfs
Galaxy in Orange
(Wiki Images)
Wolf-Rayet Star
(NASA/ESA)
Planetary Nebula (PN K 4-55)
(NASA/ESA)
